Potential of Henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) Extract as an Antifungal against Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in Nail Polish Formulations Potensi Ekstrak Henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) sebagai Antijamur Trichophyton rubrum dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes pada Sediaan Pewarna Kuku
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Abstract
Henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) contains Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1:4 naphthoquinone), which is known to have antifungal/antimycotic properties against Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the causative agents of nail infections or Tinea unguium. Antifungal drug through the transungual drug delivery system, such as the use of antimycotic nail polish, is one of the approaches considered. This study aims to evaluate the potential of a 96% (v/v) ethanol extract of Lawsonia inermis L. as both an antimycotic and a nail coloring agent. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 96% (v/v) ethanol as the solvent, while antifungal activity testing was conducted using the well diffusion method with various extract concentrations, and the results were measured based on the inhibition zones formed. The formulation was optimized by varying the concentrations of the extract and polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer to achieve the best antifungal effect. An extract concentration of 15% (w/v) served as the formulation's midpoint. Meanwhile, F5 (20% (w/v) extract and 20% (w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone) showed the best antifungal activity while meeting all evaluation parameters.
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