Women's Empowerment Models in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Services in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review Model Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak (Kia) Di Indonesia: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Abstract

Women's empowerment is an essential strategy for improving maternal and child health by strengthening women's ability to access health information, participate in decision-making, and utilize healthcare services. Various empowerment models have been implemented in Indonesia; however, evidence regarding their effectiveness remains fragmented. This study aimed to identify and synthesize women's empowerment models in maternal and child health services in Indonesia. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Garuda databases using the PICOS framework. Eligible studies were analyzed through narrative synthesis. The review identified four major empowerment models: community-based empowerment, women's decision-making autonomy, the Continuum of Care approach, and digital health empowerment. These models contributed to improved maternal healthcare utilization, breastfeeding practices, and child health monitoring. Integrating women's empowerment into health policies and midwifery practice is essential to improve maternal and child health outcomes and support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia.

Keywords: women's empowerment; maternal and child health; maternal healthcare; continuum of care; systematic literature review.