Analisis Komparatif Biomekanika Renang Gaya Bebas dan Gaya Dada Jarak 25 Meter
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan performa biomekanika gaya renang bebas dan gaya dada pada jarak 25 meter melalui analisis waktu tempuh sebagai indikator efisiensi gerak. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan 46 mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan sebagai subjek penelitian. Setiap subjek melakukan renang gaya bebas dan gaya dada sejauh 25 meter, dan waktu tempuh diukur menggunakan stopwatch presisi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa gaya bebas memiliki rata-rata waktu tempuh sebesar 22,71 detik (SD = 7,74), sedangkan gaya dada sebesar 33,82 detik (SD = 9,58), dengan selisih rata-rata 11,11 detik. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa gaya bebas secara signifikan lebih efisien dalam menghasilkan kecepatan renang pada jarak pendek. Dari perspektif biomekanika, efisiensi gaya bebas dipengaruhi oleh panjang tarikan (stroke length) yang lebih besar, rendahnya hambatan frontal, serta pola gerakan yang mendukung fase propulsi berkelanjutan. Sebaliknya, gaya dada menunjukkan variabilitas teknik yang lebih tinggi, serta fase recovery yang lebih lambat, yang menyebabkan penurunan efisiensi. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi pelatih dan pengajar dalam merancang strategi pelatihan teknik yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik biomekanika masing-masing gaya renang, khususnya untuk meningkatkan performa pada nomor jarak pendek.
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